The research isn’t perfect, but there is evidence that marijuana can cause issues with your pregnancy and birth, and could create long-term problems for your child.
Our goal is healthy moms and healthy kids. You will decide what is best for you and your child. We hope the following information helps.
Abdel-Latif M., Chomchai C., Clews S., Falconer J., Feller J., Henshcke P., Jacques S., Kingsbury A., Oei J. (2014). Cannabis, the pregnant woman and her child: weeding out the myths. Journal of Perinatology, June 2014.
Astley S. (2018). Smoking pot while pregnant is not a good idea. Seattle Times, May 1, 2018. https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/smoking-pot-while-pregnantis-not-a-good-idea/
Baker T., Datta P., Rewers-Felkins K., Thompson H., Kallem R., Hale T., (May 2018). Transfer of inhaled cannabis into human breast milk. Obstetrics & Gynecology, May 2018, 131:5, 783-788.
Behnke, M. (March 2013). Prenatal substance abuse: Short- and long-term effects on the exposed fetus. Pediatrics, 131:3, 1009-1016.
Borgelt L., Brooks-Russell A., Crume T., Hall K., Juhl A., Wymore E., (June 2018).
Cannabis Use During the Perinatal Period in a State with Legalized Recreational and Medical Marijuana: The Association Between Maternal Characteristics, Breastfeeding Patterns, and Neonatal Outcomes. Journal of Pediatrics. https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(18)30181-1/abstract
2012. https://www.nature.com/articles/pr201125
Jew, C., Lu, H., Wu, C., (2011). “Lasting impacts of prenatal cannabis exposure and the role of endogenous cannabinoids in the developing brain.” Future Neurology. 6 (4):459-480.
March of Dimes (January 2017).
https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/marijuana.aspx
Metz T., and Strickrath, E. (December 2015). Marijuana use in pregnancy and lactation: a review of the evidence.American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 761- 778.
Minnes, S., Lang A., Singer L., (July 2011). Prenatal Tobacco, Marijuana, Stimulant, and Opiate Exposure: Outcomes and Practice Implications.
Addiction Science and Clinical Practice. 6(1): 57-70 PMC3188826 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188826/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017).
The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research. The National Academies Press. Chapter 12: doi: 10.17226/24625.
National Institutes of Health, (December 2013). Tobacco, drug use in pregnancy can double risk of stillbirth.
U.S Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/news/releases/Pages/121113-stillbirth-drug-use.aspx
National Institute on Drug Abuse (December 2017). Research Reports- Marijuana.
Can marijuana use during and after pregnancy harm the baby? U.S Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/can-marijuana-use-during-pregnancy-harm-baby
Jacques, et al., (2014). Cannabis, the Pregnant Woman and Her Child: Weeding out the Myths. Journal of Perinatology. 2014, 34: 417
Sonon K, Richardson G., Cornelius J., Kim K., Day N. ( 2015). Prenatal marijuana exposure predicts marijuana use in young adulthood. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 47:10-15. doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.11.003
Soberian S. (Nov 2016). Developmental cannabinoid exposure: New perspectives on outcomes and mechanisms. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 2016-11-01, Volume 58, Pages 1-4
Varner, M., Silver, R., Rowland Hogue, C., Willinger, M., Parker, C., et.al. (January 2014).Association between stillbirth and illicit drug use and smoking during pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 123(1), 113-25
Warshak, C., Regan, J. Moore, B., Magner, K., Kritzer, S., Van Hook, J. (2015).Association between marijuana use and adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. Journal of Perinatology. December 2015, 12:991-995.
